英语复习知识点精析概要Surprise和swallow
Surprise
to one’s surprise表示“令人吃惊的是”，是介词短语。作结果状语或插入语，位于句首，其中one’s 指形容词性物主代词或名词所有格，surprise前也可用形容词修饰。例如：
To my great surprise, he passed the English examination.令我大为吃惊的是，他的英语考试极格了。
To Mr Lin’s surprise, Miss Li alone got three gold medals.使林先生吃惊的是，李小姐一人得三块金牌。
(2)in surprise表示“吃惊地、惊奇地”，是介词短语，作程度状语，常位于谓语之后。例如：
“How do you come to know it ?”Mr Zhao asked in surprise.赵先生惊奇地问：“你怎么知道的？”
He shouted to us in surprise.他吃惊地向我们呼喊。
(3)by surprise表示“出其不意、趁……不防、突然”，是介词短语，作方式状语。例如：
He took the dog by surprise. 他趁那条狗不防突然进行袭击。
His visit took me by surprise.他的突然来访使我感到意外
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surprised  adj.感到惊奇
①be surprised to do    ②be surprised at
③be surprised that从句
They were surprised to hear the news.
他们听到那个消息感到很惊讶。
He was surprised at their visit.
他对他们的来访感到惊讶。
We are surprised that she can finish all these things in such a short time.
我们对她在短时间内做完这一切感到十分惊讶。

swallow vt.吞吃；不嚼就吃下去
  She swallowed the medicine with the help of some water.
  她用水把药送下去了。
  He just swallows his food; he is always in a hurry.
  他吃饭狼吞虎咽，总是这么匆忙。

tear短语归纳
tear out撕下，扯下，拔起；tear up 撕碎，拔起（后一词义同tear out）;tear down撕下，拆毁，tear at撕扯某物；tear sth.open把……撕开；tear sth.to(into)pieces把……撕成碎片。
[应用]完成句子
①这本书的前几页被人撕掉了。
The first pages of this book were ________ ________by someone.
②很多树被大风拔起了。
Many trees were________ ________by the strong wind.
③她一看完就把信撕碎了。
She _________ _________ the letter the moment she had read it.
④工人们把旧房拆了，在原址建起了新房。
The workmen__________ _________the old house and built a new 
one in its place.
Key:①torn, out      ②torn, out(up)③tore, up           ④tore, down

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